Common materials used in electrical components mainly include metals, engineering plastics, and composite materials, widely used for key functions such as conductivity, insulation, and structural support.
Metallic Materials: Used for conductive parts and structural components, possessing good conductivity or mechanical strength:
Copper (Cu): Excellent conductivity, commonly used in core conductive components such as wires and cables, terminals, and switch contacts.
Aluminum (Al): Lightweight and low cost, often used in high-current transmission scenarios such as busbars and transformer windings.
Brass (H65/H68): Copper-zinc alloy, with good mechanical properties and corrosion resistance, suitable for terminals and connectors.
Stainless Steel (304/316L): Strong corrosion resistance, used in cable trays and outdoor distribution box housings, especially suitable for humid or chemical environments.
Nickel-chromium alloys (such as Cr20Ni80): High resistivity and high temperature resistance, commonly used in heating elements, resistance wires, and other heating devices.
Engineering Plastics: Widely used in housings and insulation components, these materials are lightweight, flame-retardant, and easy to process:
PVC (Polyvinyl Chloride): Low cost, used for wire insulation and protective tubing, but has poor heat resistance (≤70℃).
ABS: High impact strength, easy to process, commonly used in electrical appliance housings and instrument boxes.
PC (Polycarbonate): Commonly known as "transparent metal," it has strong impact resistance and good temperature resistance, used in motor housings and insulating connectors.
PBT (Polybutylene Terephthalate): Heat-resistant and dimensionally stable, widely used in sockets, relays, coil frames, and other electronic components.
PA (Polyamide, i.e., Nylon): Wear-resistant and self-lubricating, commonly used in gears, bearings, and cable connectors, with PA6 and PA12 being widely used.
PPO (Polyphenylene Oxide): Halogen-free, flame-retardant, low-smoke, and non-toxic, suitable for high-end low-voltage electrical appliance housings and insulation components.